258 lines
7.6 KiB
Markdown
258 lines
7.6 KiB
Markdown
# serve-static
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[![NPM Version][npm-version-image]][npm-url]
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[![NPM Downloads][npm-downloads-image]][npm-url]
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[![Linux Build][github-actions-ci-image]][github-actions-ci-url]
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[![Windows Build][appveyor-image]][appveyor-url]
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[![Test Coverage][coveralls-image]][coveralls-url]
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## Install
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This is a [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/) module available through the
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[npm registry](https://www.npmjs.com/). Installation is done using the
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[`npm install` command](https://docs.npmjs.com/getting-started/installing-npm-packages-locally):
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```sh
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$ npm install serve-static
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```
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## API
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```js
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var serveStatic = require('serve-static')
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```
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### serveStatic(root, options)
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Create a new middleware function to serve files from within a given root
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directory. The file to serve will be determined by combining `req.url`
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with the provided root directory. When a file is not found, instead of
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sending a 404 response, this module will instead call `next()` to move on
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to the next middleware, allowing for stacking and fall-backs.
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#### Options
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##### acceptRanges
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Enable or disable accepting ranged requests, defaults to true.
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Disabling this will not send `Accept-Ranges` and ignore the contents
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of the `Range` request header.
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##### cacheControl
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Enable or disable setting `Cache-Control` response header, defaults to
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true. Disabling this will ignore the `immutable` and `maxAge` options.
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##### dotfiles
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Set how "dotfiles" are treated when encountered. A dotfile is a file
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or directory that begins with a dot ("."). Note this check is done on
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the path itself without checking if the path actually exists on the
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disk. If `root` is specified, only the dotfiles above the root are
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checked (i.e. the root itself can be within a dotfile when set
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to "deny").
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- `'allow'` No special treatment for dotfiles.
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- `'deny'` Deny a request for a dotfile and 403/`next()`.
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- `'ignore'` Pretend like the dotfile does not exist and 404/`next()`.
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The default value is similar to `'ignore'`, with the exception that this
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default will not ignore the files within a directory that begins with a dot.
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##### etag
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Enable or disable etag generation, defaults to true.
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##### extensions
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Set file extension fallbacks. When set, if a file is not found, the given
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extensions will be added to the file name and search for. The first that
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exists will be served. Example: `['html', 'htm']`.
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The default value is `false`.
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##### fallthrough
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Set the middleware to have client errors fall-through as just unhandled
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requests, otherwise forward a client error. The difference is that client
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errors like a bad request or a request to a non-existent file will cause
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this middleware to simply `next()` to your next middleware when this value
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is `true`. When this value is `false`, these errors (even 404s), will invoke
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`next(err)`.
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Typically `true` is desired such that multiple physical directories can be
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mapped to the same web address or for routes to fill in non-existent files.
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The value `false` can be used if this middleware is mounted at a path that
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is designed to be strictly a single file system directory, which allows for
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short-circuiting 404s for less overhead. This middleware will also reply to
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all methods.
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The default value is `true`.
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##### immutable
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Enable or disable the `immutable` directive in the `Cache-Control` response
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header, defaults to `false`. If set to `true`, the `maxAge` option should
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also be specified to enable caching. The `immutable` directive will prevent
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supported clients from making conditional requests during the life of the
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`maxAge` option to check if the file has changed.
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##### index
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By default this module will send "index.html" files in response to a request
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on a directory. To disable this set `false` or to supply a new index pass a
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string or an array in preferred order.
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##### lastModified
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Enable or disable `Last-Modified` header, defaults to true. Uses the file
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system's last modified value.
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##### maxAge
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Provide a max-age in milliseconds for http caching, defaults to 0. This
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can also be a string accepted by the [ms](https://www.npmjs.org/package/ms#readme)
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module.
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##### redirect
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Redirect to trailing "/" when the pathname is a dir. Defaults to `true`.
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##### setHeaders
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Function to set custom headers on response. Alterations to the headers need to
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occur synchronously. The function is called as `fn(res, path, stat)`, where
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the arguments are:
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- `res` the response object
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- `path` the file path that is being sent
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- `stat` the stat object of the file that is being sent
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## Examples
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### Serve files with vanilla node.js http server
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```js
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var finalhandler = require('finalhandler')
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var http = require('http')
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var serveStatic = require('serve-static')
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// Serve up public/ftp folder
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var serve = serveStatic('public/ftp', { index: ['index.html', 'index.htm'] })
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// Create server
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var server = http.createServer(function onRequest (req, res) {
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serve(req, res, finalhandler(req, res))
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})
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// Listen
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server.listen(3000)
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```
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### Serve all files as downloads
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```js
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var contentDisposition = require('content-disposition')
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var finalhandler = require('finalhandler')
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var http = require('http')
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var serveStatic = require('serve-static')
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// Serve up public/ftp folder
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var serve = serveStatic('public/ftp', {
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index: false,
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setHeaders: setHeaders
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})
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// Set header to force download
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function setHeaders (res, path) {
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res.setHeader('Content-Disposition', contentDisposition(path))
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}
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// Create server
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var server = http.createServer(function onRequest (req, res) {
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serve(req, res, finalhandler(req, res))
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})
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// Listen
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server.listen(3000)
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```
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### Serving using express
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#### Simple
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This is a simple example of using Express.
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```js
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var express = require('express')
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var serveStatic = require('serve-static')
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var app = express()
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app.use(serveStatic('public/ftp', { index: ['default.html', 'default.htm'] }))
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app.listen(3000)
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```
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#### Multiple roots
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This example shows a simple way to search through multiple directories.
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Files are searched for in `public-optimized/` first, then `public/` second
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as a fallback.
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```js
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var express = require('express')
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var path = require('path')
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var serveStatic = require('serve-static')
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var app = express()
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app.use(serveStatic(path.join(__dirname, 'public-optimized')))
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app.use(serveStatic(path.join(__dirname, 'public')))
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app.listen(3000)
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```
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#### Different settings for paths
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This example shows how to set a different max age depending on the served
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file type. In this example, HTML files are not cached, while everything else
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is for 1 day.
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```js
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var express = require('express')
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var path = require('path')
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var serveStatic = require('serve-static')
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var app = express()
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app.use(serveStatic(path.join(__dirname, 'public'), {
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maxAge: '1d',
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setHeaders: setCustomCacheControl
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}))
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app.listen(3000)
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function setCustomCacheControl (res, path) {
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if (serveStatic.mime.lookup(path) === 'text/html') {
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// Custom Cache-Control for HTML files
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res.setHeader('Cache-Control', 'public, max-age=0')
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}
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}
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```
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## License
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[MIT](LICENSE)
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[appveyor-image]: https://badgen.net/appveyor/ci/dougwilson/serve-static/master?label=windows
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[appveyor-url]: https://ci.appveyor.com/project/dougwilson/serve-static
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[coveralls-image]: https://badgen.net/coveralls/c/github/expressjs/serve-static/master
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[coveralls-url]: https://coveralls.io/r/expressjs/serve-static?branch=master
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[github-actions-ci-image]: https://badgen.net/github/checks/expressjs/serve-static/master?label=linux
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[github-actions-ci-url]: https://github.com/expressjs/serve-static/actions/workflows/ci.yml
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[node-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/node/serve-static
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[node-url]: https://nodejs.org/en/download/
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[npm-downloads-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/dm/serve-static
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[npm-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/serve-static
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[npm-version-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/v/serve-static
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